Patient Cases
Case 1. 20-Month-Old Female Patient Born with Cloacal Anomaly
Antonio Francisco Gallardo, M.D., Guadalajara, Mexico
Case 2. 14-Month-Old Patient with Down Syndrome and Imperforate Anus
Faten Alrobian, M.D., Division of Pediatric Surgery, King Abdulla Specialized Children's Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Case 3. Primary Repair of Rectourinary Fistula in a Patient with Associated Esophageal Atresia
Anna Morandi, M.D.; and Ernesto Leva, M.D., UOC Chirurgia Pediatrica, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
Case 4. H-Type Fistula ARM
Antonio Di Cesare, M.D.; and Ernesto Leva, M.D., UOC Chirurgia Pediatrica, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
Case 5. Female Patient 11 Years Old Who Started at Age 2 Years with Chronic Constipation
Luis de la Torre, M.D.; and Kimberly Cogley, R.N., Colorectal Center and Hirschsprung Institute for Children, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA